Visitors to present-day Greece, Turkey, or the Middle East see men and women holding "worry beads." At business meetings in Saudi Arabia, businessmen discuss transactions involving millions of dollars while fingering strings of beads. If questioned, people will deny the beads have any special meaning. However, since there are usually thirty-three beads on the string with a vase-shaped retaining bead ending in a tassel, they are probably derived from Islamic prayer beads. Worry beads, like prayer beads, are made in a great many materials—plastic, glass, olive pits, wood, amber, ivory, and semiprecious stones—catering to various owners' wealth and status. Their primary function as a release for tension provides a security that may, in fact, be subconsciously spiritual.
The secularization of worry beads demonstrates the range of religious and social values associated with rosaries. The arrangement and number of beads, their size and materials, and the way they are worn communicate a great deal of historical, spiritual, and social information. Above all, prayer beads articulate the universal human need for personal adornment. Religious beads, symbolizing piety and fulfilling a practical purpose, could be made of the simplest materials. Yet to fulfill the apparently necessary expressions of social status, prayer beads have been made from a variety of rare and precious materials. However, they are primarily an organizing device, coordinating the fingers, voice, and ears. If used in the prescribed manner, they offer "something to hold onto."
Worry Beads » Prayer Beads » The History of Beads: From 100,000 B.C. to the Present
Lois Sherr Dubin (2009) Abrams Publishers, Inc.